During his experiments, he found that a solution of chlorine in water possessed definite bleaching properties. It often refers, specifically, to a dilute solution of sodium hypochlorite, also called "liquid bleach". The molar mass of sodium hypochlorite is 74.44 g/mol. Low levels of exposure may result in eye and oral mucous membrane irritation, dizziness and nausea – while exposure to high levels may be fatal. Many household bleach solutions contain 5.25% sodium hypochlorite, and a 1:10 dilution (5250 ppm Cl) will produce a 0.53% hypochlorite solution 1. © Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305. Sodium hypochlorite in 0.5% w/v solution is called Dakin's solution, and is used as an antiseptic to clean infected topical wounds. For health emergencies, call 911 (9-911 from a campus phone). Sodium Hypochlorite – Bleach Sodium Hypochlorite Supplier, Distributor and Manufacturer CAS#: 7681-52-9. Chlorine (hypochlorite) compounds are effective in inactivating vegetative bacteria, fungi, lipid and non-lipid viruses, Coxiella burnetii and Tuberculosis. Bleach is not stable at dilute concentration. It is also used as an oxidizing agent for organic products. Recommended working dilution: 5250 ppm (1:10 dilution of household bleach of 5.25% sodium hypochlorite), Recommended for floors, spills (inactivating liquid specimens), bench tops and contaminated clothing. Mixing with bleach releases oxygen in a closed system (e.g., piping, equipment) which can lead to pressure build-up and rupture. Chlorine compounds have some effect in inactivating bacterial spores: Refer to the Biosafety Manual for additional information and guidance on selecting appropriate disinfectants, or for appropriate bleach use with prions and prion-like proteins. Forms toxic gases (e.g., chloramine, chlorine, and hydrogen cyanide) and can form highly reactive compounds. The chemical formula is NaClO and consists of one atom of sodium (Na), one atom of chlorine (Cl) and one atom of oxygen (O). Sodium hypochlorite is a strong liquid oxidizing agent and has a greenish or yellowish hue. When the chlorine is manufactured outside the reactor facility, it travels in liquid form in specially designed railroad tank cars with double walls that will not rupture in the event of a dera… Exposures may cause irritation or damage to the skin, eyes, and the respiratory tract. Sodium hypochlorite should not come in contact with air, because that will cause it to disintegrate. Disadvantages. The Benefits of Bleach (Sodium Hypochlorite) While bleach or sodium hypochlorite can be hazardous, when used properly, it can make the world at large a much healthier place. It reacts with acids to form chlorine gas, ketones to form chloroform, ammonia to form chloramines, and with various other compounds, both organic and inorga… Do not store bleach on the floor. Sodium hypochlorite is unstable. This is an ionic compound consisting of the hypochlorite anion (ClO-) bonded sodium metal cation (Na+). Low levels of exposure may result in eye and oral mucous membrane irritation, dizziness, and nausea – while exposure to high levels may be fatal. More concentrated solutions (10 to 15 percent) have a pH of about 13. As a bleaching agent it is usually a 5 percent sodium hypochlorite with a pH of about 11. While working with sodium hypochlorite, safety measures have to be taken to protect workers and the environment. In the petrochemical industry, sodium hypochlorite is used in petroleum products refining. Bleach is not stable at dilute concentration. This alkaline cleaning agent is commonly referred to as bleach (affiliate link). Many household bleach solutions contain 5.25% sodium hypochlorite, and a 1:10 dilution (5250 ppm Cl) will produce a 0.53% hypochlorite solution1. Scheele, a Swedish chemist, is generally credited with discovering chlorine in 1774. Required fields are marked *. It usually appears as a pale greenish yellow dilute solution. It is used extensively as a bleaching agent in the textile, detergents, and paper and pulp industries. Sodium hypochlorite is a staple cleaning agent and the active ingredient in many household cleaners. It is unstable as a solid, but solutions of up to 40% are commercially available that contain NaOH and NaCl as byproducts of the preparation: It is an anhydrous unstable compound which can decompose explosively. Whitening agent or also known as bleach for household is commonly the solution that contains 4-6% of sodium hypochlorite and 0.01-0.05% of sodium hydroxide while sodium hydroxide is used to delay the breakage of sodium hypochlorite into sodium chloride and sodium chlorate. Bleach will corrode metal including metal wastewater pipes. Hypochlorite concentration in household bleach varies by manufacturer. The dry powder is highly unstable and shock sensitive, it is always used in solution. Use of bleach solutions with lower hypochlorite concentrations will not provide the proper level of disinfection. The chlorine gas comes from the electrolysis of salt water. Low levels of exposure may result in eye and oral mucous membrane irritation, dizziness, and nausea – while exposure to high levels may be fatal. The melting point of sodium hypochlorite is 18°C and the boiling point is 101 C. Sodium hypochlorite is mainly used as a disinfectant and as a bleaching agent. Liquichlor (Bleach) is manufactured as a liquid and distributed in a variety of container sizes: bulk tankers, Minibulk, totes, drums, pails and bottles. What is Sodium Hypochlorite Poisoning? Copyright Complaints, Spill Response Standard Operating Procedure (SOP), Bretherick’s handbook of reactive chemical hazards, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK537213/, https://www.atsdr.cdc.gov/phs/phs.asp?id=51&tid=16. Your email address will not be published. We do this as the easiest way to make the sodium hypochlorite active, NaOCl. For larger spills, call EH&S at 650-725-9999. In the bleach manufacturing facility, the final sodium hypochlorite solution is put through a series of filters to extract any left-over impurities. Boiling or splashing hazard if mixed with bleach. Chlorine.-Bleach. Sodium hypochlorite is highly reactive and a potent oxidizer. The appearance of this compound can be described as a greenish yellow solid. Sodium Hypochlorite Poisoning is the accidental or intentional intake (swallowing, breathing-in, or skin contact) of any product containing the compound. Use of bleach solutions with lower hypochlorite concentrations will not provide the proper level of disinfection. Bleach is the generic name for any chemical product which is used industrially and domestically to remove color from a fabric or fiber or to clean or to remove stains in a process called bleaching. Sodium hypochlorite is a clear pale greenish yellow solution produced by a carefully controlled reaction of chlorine and membrane caustic soda lye. Sodium hypochlorite produces residual disinfectant. Yes, Clorox does buy liquid chlorine gas to produce our bleach. Sodium hypochlorite is an inexpensive, strong oxidizing agent, that is used as disinfectant and bleaching agent. Many chemicals in these kits already contain a deactivating agent. Sodium Hypochlorite is a chlorine compound often used as a disinfectant or a bleaching agent. It also has a sweet odor. It is usually called bleach, because it is the active ingredient in bleach.
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